Psilocybin-assisted therapy has been studied for far more than depression — including PTSD, OCD, alcohol and nicotine addiction, cocaine use, anorexia, cluster headache, and end-of-life distress. This plain-language research review is by Valentina Chichiniova, MA, RCC, CCC, a trauma and psychedelic-integration therapist at Emergence Counselling & Wellness in British Columbia.
When people hear “psilocybin,” they often think of one thing: depression. That is where the research is furthest along and where regulators are paying the most attention. However, it is not the whole story.
Over the past two decades, researchers have studied psilocybin-assisted therapy for a surprisingly wide range of conditions: end-of-life anxiety, alcohol and nicotine addiction, cocaine use, PTSD, OCD, anorexia, cluster headache, and more. Some of this evidence is now in large Phase 3 trials. Some of it is still small, early, and messy. All of it deserves an honest look.
This article is a plain-language map of what psilocybin has actually been studied for, what the results show, and where things stand in 2026.
First: What Is Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy?
Psilocybin is the naturally occurring compound found in certain mushrooms. In clinical research, it is almost always given as a precise, pharmaceutical-grade synthetic dose not as whole mushrooms from an unregulated source.
A typical session lasts six to eight hours. The person lies down in a quiet room, often with eyeshades and music, while one or two trained therapists stay present the entire time. The dose is usually in the 20–30 mg range (sometimes described as about 0.3 mg per kilogram of body weight). Preparation sessions come first. Integration sessions come after. The medicine is one part of a larger therapeutic process and not a standalone event.
Psilocybin primarily acts on serotonin 2A receptors. In brain-imaging studies, it temporarily changes how large-scale networks communicate, including the default mode network- the system involved in self-referential thinking, rumination, and the sense of a fixed “I.” Many researchers think this temporary loosening of rigid patterns is part of why people can approach stuck beliefs, memories, and habits differently. The experience itself is often intense. What happens afterward, and how it is integrated into daily life, appears to matter a great deal.
Psilocybin is not approved as a medicine in Canada or the United States. But Canada it can be accessed through the Special Access Program. Australia has allowed authorised psychiatrists to prescribe it for treatment-resistant depression since 2023, under strict conditions. Compass Pathways is submitting a rolling application to the FDA for its synthetic formulation, COMP360, with a possible decision in late 2026 or 2027. None of that is the same as a green light for recreational or informal use.
1. Depression- The Most Developed Evidence
Depression is where psilocybin research is strongest. That includes major depressive disorder (MDD) and treatment-resistant depression (TRD) depression that has not improved after at least two adequate antidepressant trials.
The early academic trials
A 2021 randomized trial at Johns Hopkins, led by Alan Davis and colleagues and published in JAMA Psychiatry, enrolled 24 adults with moderate to severe MDD. Participants received two psilocybin sessions with supportive psychotherapy.
- 71% had a clinically significant response (at least a 50% drop in depression scores) at both one week and four weeks.
- 58% were in remission at one week; 54% at four weeks.
- The effect size was very large (Cohen’s d around 2.3 at four weeks).
A 12-month follow-up of that same group found the benefit largely held: 75% still met response criteria and 58% were still in remission a year later. No serious psilocybin-related adverse events were reported in that long-term window.
An important caveat: this was a small waitlist-controlled study. People knew they were getting the drug. Expectancy and the intensity of the experience itself make true blinding very difficult in psychedelic research a problem that runs through almost every trial in this field.
Psilocybin versus an SSRI
In 2021, Robin Carhart-Harris and colleagues at Imperial College London published a head-to-head trial in the New England Journal of Medicine. Fifty-nine people with depression received either two doses of psilocybin plus placebo capsules, or a very low (essentially inactive) psilocybin dose plus six weeks of escitalopram, a standard SSRI.
On the primary outcome, psilocybin was not significantly better than escitalopram. Several secondary measures favoured psilocybin, but those analyses were not corrected for multiple comparisons. This is one of the most important honest findings in the literature: in a direct comparison with an existing antidepressant, psilocybin did not clearly win.
Treatment-resistant depression- from Phase 2 to Phase 3
The largest completed program is Compass Pathways’ COMP360 trials for TRD.
A 2022 Phase 2b trial, published in the New England Journal of Medicine by Guy Goodwin and colleagues, randomized 233 people to a single 25 mg, 10 mg, or 1 mg (control) dose. At three weeks:
- The 25 mg group improved more than the 1 mg group by 6.6 points on the MADRS depression scale.
- Response rates were 37% (25 mg) versus 18% (1 mg).
- Remission rates were 29% versus 8%.
- The 10 mg dose did not significantly beat 1 mg.
Suicidal ideation and self-injury were numerically more common in the higher-dose groups. Three people in the 25 mg group reported suicidal behaviour after week 3; all three had a prior history of suicidal behaviour or self-injury and had not responded to treatment. The authors were clear: suicidality needs close clinical vigilance in this population.
Phase 3 results followed. COMP005 (June 2025) tested a single 25 mg dose against placebo in 258 people and found a 3.6-point MADRS advantage at week 6. COMP006 (February 2026) tested two 25 mg doses, three weeks apart, against 1 mg, and found a 3.8-point advantage at week 6. In COMP006, 39% of people in the 25 mg arm had a clinically meaningful reduction (at least 25% on MADRS) by week 6 and, on average, held that benefit through six months.
Those Phase 3 numbers are more modest than the spectacular early Johns Hopkins figures. That is typical as trials get larger, more controlled, and enroll people with more chronic illness. Compass is submitting a rolling FDA application, with the final module expected in late 2026. Approval is not guaranteed. It would also require DEA rescheduling before any commercial launch.
The FDA has granted breakthrough therapy designation twice for psilocybin in depression: to Compass for TRD (2018) and to the nonprofit Usona Institute for MDD (2019). Breakthrough designation speeds review. It is not approval.
2. End-of-Life Anxiety and Existential Distress
This is one of the oldest, and most moving, areas of modern psilocybin research. People facing a life-threatening illness often carry depression, anxiety, demoralization, and a kind of existential terror that standard treatments do not always reach.
Two randomized, double-blind trials published in 2016 set the foundation.
At Johns Hopkins, Roland Griffiths and colleagues studied 51 people with life-threatening cancer. A high dose of psilocybin produced large drops in clinician- and self-rated depression and anxiety, plus increases in quality of life, meaning, and optimism, and decreases in death anxiety. At six-month follow-up, about 80% still had clinically significant reductions in depressed mood and anxiety. More than 80% said their well-being or life satisfaction had increased at least moderately. The intensity of the mystical-type experience on dosing day statistically mediated the clinical benefit.
At NYU, Stephen Ross and colleagues found a similar pattern in 29 people with cancer-related anxiety and depression. Benefits appeared quickly and, in follow-up analyses, appeared to last for months after a single moderate dose paired with psychotherapy.
An earlier UCLA pilot by Charles Grob (2011) had already hinted at reduced trait anxiety after a lower dose. A 2025 Phase 2b trial at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Melbourne reported improvements in depression, anxiety, quality of life, demoralization, death anxiety, and hopelessness in adults with life-threatening illness.
Trials are now testing psilocybin for demoralization near the end of life and for opioid-refractory pain in advanced cancer. For existential distress specifically, this remains one of the most consistent signals in the field, still not a cure for dying, but a possible way to soften the psychological suffering that can come with it.
3. Alcohol Use Disorder
Can a few high-dose sessions, nested in therapy, change drinking in a lasting way? The best evidence so far says: possibly, and more clearly than many people expect.
The key trial is a 2022 randomized study by Michael Bogenschutz and colleagues, published in JAMA Psychiatry. Ninety-five adults with alcohol dependence were randomized to psilocybin or diphenhydramine (an active placebo chosen because an inert placebo is too easy to unblind). Both groups received the same 12-week course of motivational enhancement and CBT. Two dosing sessions took place at weeks 4 and 8.
- Over the 32 weeks after the first dose, heavy drinking days were 9.7% in the psilocybin group versus 23.6% in the placebo group.
- That is a 13.9-percentage-point difference- roughly a 59% relative reduction versus placebo.
- Mean daily drinks were also lower with psilocybin.
Both groups started around 52–54% heavy drinking days, so the drop from baseline in the psilocybin arm was large. The effect held across the follow-up window, not just for a week after the session. A later trial in people with both alcohol use disorder and depression also found greater reductions in drinking with psilocybin than a low-dose control. At least one other trial, which included brain imaging during sessions, did not find a group difference- a reminder that results are not uniform, and that the setting of the session may matter.
4. Smoking Cessation
This is a small literature with striking numbers.
Matthew Johnson and colleagues at Johns Hopkins ran an open-label pilot of psilocybin plus cognitive-behavioural smoking cessation treatment in 15 nicotine-dependent smokers. At six months, 80% were biologically verified abstinent. At 12 months, 67% were still abstinent. A longer follow-up found about 60% still smoke-free at an average of 2.5 years. For context, nicotine-patch success rates in comparable programs are often in the 10–30% range.
This was not a randomized trial. Fifteen people is a tiny sample. A larger comparative study against nicotine patch has been discussed and partially reported in reviews, with prolonged abstinence around 40% for psilocybin versus 10% for patch at six months , still early, still in need of a definitive Phase 3. What is notable is the durability: a handful of sessions, not a daily medication, associated with years of abstinence in a condition famous for relapse.
5. Cocaine Use Disorder
There is still no FDA-approved medication for stimulant use disorders. That is part of why a 2026 randomized trial of psilocybin for cocaine use disorder is getting attention.
Forty people, most of them men, most with lower incomes, and many with decades of cocaine use, received manualized psychotherapy plus one all-day session of either psilocybin or an active placebo.
- Psilocybin recipients had a higher percentage of cocaine-abstinent days.
- They were more likely to achieve complete abstinence.
- Their risk of lapse over time was lower (hazard ratio 0.28).
- No serious adverse events occurred.
Four people were lost to follow-up; 36 completed assessments through 180 days. This is still a modest sample. It is also the first completed RCT of a classic psychedelic for cocaine use disorder, and the direction of the findings is hard to ignore.
6. PTSD
MDMA has been the headline psychedelic for PTSD. Psilocybin is now building its own, smaller evidence base, still open-label, still early, and already clinically interesting.
Compass Pathways ran an open-label Phase 2 study of a single 25 mg COMP360 dose in 22 people with PTSD from adult trauma, published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology in 2025. There were no serious adverse events. Mean CAPS-5 scores dropped by about 30 points at week 4 and held at week 12 (from a baseline of 47.5). Response (a 15-point or greater drop) was 82% at week 4 and 77% at week 12. Remission (CAPS-5 of 20 or less) was 64% at week 4 and 55% at week 12. Functional impairment also improved. Because there was no placebo group, these numbers need to be read as a signal, not a proof.
A 2026 open-label pilot at Ohio State enrolled 12 U.S. military veterans with severe, treatment-resistant PTSD. Two doses (15 mg then 25 mg) sat inside a substantial course of psychotherapy. No serious adverse events. No increase in suicidal ideation. Clinician-rated PTSD symptoms dropped by 27.5 points (d = 2.30), and 75% both responded and were in remission at one month. Interestingly, symptom change during the preparation phase of therapy, before any drug was given, predicted later improvement. Expectancy did not. That is a useful reminder that the therapy around the medicine is not window dressing.
Larger controlled trials are now recruiting, including group-format psilocybin therapy and combinations with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. For PTSD, psilocybin is several years behind MDMA. It is no longer an empty category.
7. OCD
Obsessive-compulsive disorder has a thin medication toolbox. Forty to sixty percent of people do not respond well to first-line SSRIs and CBT. Psilocybin has been a quiet research thread here since Francisco Moreno’s small 2006 Yale study, which found marked, if temporary, drops in OCD symptoms during sessions.
That thread has thickened.
A randomized trial of repeated high-dose psilocybin in OCD found the drug, but not placebo, significantly reduced Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) scores. After at least four high doses over eight weeks, 73% were responders (at least a 35% drop in YBOCS) and 40% were in remission. Effects lessened but remained substantial at six months. No serious adverse events, no psychosis, no worsening of suicide scores. Cumulative dosing correlated with greater improvement.
A separate Phase 2 randomized, double-blind trial in treatment-resistant OCD assigned 28 adults to a single 0.25 mg/kg psilocybin dose or niacin. At 48 hours, OCD scores dropped sharply with psilocybin and not at all with niacin (between-group difference of 9.8 points; d = 1.64). At one week, 69% of the psilocybin group had responded versus 0% of the niacin group. Benefits persisted through 12 weeks. One serious adverse event occurred. When the niacin group later received open-label psilocybin, they improved too, but less than the original psilocybin group, which is a pattern researchers will need to investigate further.
A 2025 pharmacological challenge study also reported that a single 10 mg dose reduced symptoms in adults with OCD. Taken together, OCD is no longer a footnote. It is one of the more surprising — and still under-discussed- signals in the psilocybin literature.
8. Anorexia Nervosa and Eating Disorders
Anorexia nervosa has one of the highest mortality rates of any mental health condition. There is no FDA-approved medication that reverses its core symptoms. Treatment dropout is high. Many people remain stuck in rigid, ego-syntonic beliefs about weight, shape, and control even after weight restoration.
Researchers are interested in psilocybin here because it can increase cognitive flexibility, openness, and emotional access, the very capacities anorexia so often locks down.
The first modern clinical data came from Stéphanie Knatz Peck, Walter Kaye, and colleagues at UC San Diego, published in Nature Medicine in 2023. Ten women with anorexia or partial remission received a single 25 mg dose with psychological support.
- The session was generally safe and well tolerated. No serious adverse events during the study window.
- Two people developed asymptomatic hypoglycemia after dosing, which resolved within 24 hours — a medically important finding in a population with already-low glucose stores.
- Effects on eating-disorder symptoms were highly variable. Four of ten (40%) had clinically significant drops in global Eating Disorder Examination scores at three months, down into the community-norm range.
- Weight/BMI did not reliably follow psychological change. Wanting to recover was not, by itself, enough to restore physical health.
- 90% said one dosing session was not enough. 80% ranked the experience among the top five most meaningful of their lives.
A 2026 single-blind pilot in 21 women, using three COMP360 doses (1 mg, then two 25 mg sessions) plus talk therapy, found significant improvements in eating-disorder symptoms at six months (d = 0.98) and in motivation to change at 12 months. Variation was large. Two serious adverse events, suicide attempts, were reported for one participant in the 6–12 month remote follow-up window. That is a sobering reminder that anorexia is a high-risk illness, and that longer-term safety monitoring matters as much as the dosing day.
Additional trials are underway, including work with young adults and protocols that involve family members in preparation and integration. No one should read this as “psilocybin treats anorexia.” It is early, mixed, and medically delicate. It is also one of the few genuinely new approaches being tested in a field that has seen too little progress.
9. Cluster Headache
This one often surprises people. Cluster headache is sometimes called “suicide headache” because the pain is so severe. Preventive options are limited. Verapamil, a first-line medication, fails for more than half of patients. For years, people in this community have reported that small, repeated doses of psilocybin-containing mushrooms can “bust” a cluster cycle.
Emmanuelle Schindler at Yale ran the first placebo-controlled test of that idea: a low-dose pulse of three psilocybin doses, about five days apart. In 14 people analyzed, the primary comparison was not statistically significant. Attack frequency fell by 3.2 attacks per week with psilocybin versus essentially no change with placebo (p = 0.25). The effect size was moderate overall (d = 0.69) and large in people with chronic cluster headache (d = 1.25). Importantly, headache relief did not correlate with how psychedelic the session felt. That suggests a different mechanism than the “mystical experience” pathway described in depression and end-of-life studies.
A blinded extension, repeating the pulse at least six months later, did find a significant drop: from 18.4 to 9.8 attacks per week (about 50%; d = 0.97). Prior response did not clearly predict who benefited the second time.
Australia is now funding the PEACE trial- 10 mg once a week for four weeks versus placebo, as one of the first new cluster-headache treatment trials there in decades! This is still early but promising. This is a condition where patients have been self-experimenting in the absence of good options, which makes rigorous trials ethically urgent, not optional.
10. Other Emerging Areas
A 2024 review of ClinicalTrials.gov found well over 100 psilocybin trials spanning dozens of potential indications. Most are small. A few worth knowing about:
- Chronic and cancer-related pain. Dana-Farber is testing psilocybin-assisted therapy for opioid-refractory pain in advanced cancer. Other groups are exploring fibromyalgia and chronic pain more broadly. This is feasibility-stage work.
- Demoralization in serious illness. Beyond cancer anxiety, trials are looking at demoralization, the loss of meaning, hope, and agency, including in people near the end of life and in long-term AIDS survivors. An earlier study in AIDS survivors also saw drops in trauma-related symptoms, even though PTSD was not the primary target.
- Parkinson’s-related depression and other neurological conditions. Early trials are underway. These populations have extra medical complexity, so safety data will matter as much as mood scores.
- Prolonged grief. At least one registered trial is testing psilocybin-assisted therapy for prolonged grief disorder.
- Generalized anxiety. Classic psilocybin has less GAD-specific data than depression. Related psychedelic programs (including LSD-based compounds) are further along for anxiety; those are a different medicine and a different evidence base.
Microdosing, taking sub-perceptual amounts on a schedule, is popular in culture and thin in gold-standard clinical evidence. Most of the findings in this article come from full-dose sessions with therapy, not from microdosing.
The Honest Picture
Psilocybin-assisted therapy is not a miracle, and it is not a fad that researchers made up last year. Here is what we can say with reasonable confidence in 2026:
- For depression, the evidence is the most mature. Small academic trials showed large effects. Larger industry trials show smaller, still statistically significant benefits in treatment-resistant depression. A head-to-head trial with an SSRI did not show clear superiority. Two Phase 3 trials have now read out positive. Regulatory review is underway; approval has not happened.
- For end-of-life anxiety and existential distress, two well-conducted 2016 RCTs and later work show substantial, durable reductions in depression, anxiety, and death-related fear. This remains one of the cleanest signals in the field.
- For alcohol use disorder, a sizable randomized trial found a meaningful drop in heavy drinking days when psilocybin was paired with structured psychotherapy.
- For smoking cessation, the numbers are impressive and the samples are small. Durability is the interesting part; certainty is not there yet.
- For cocaine use disorder, one recent RCT is encouraging. Replication is needed.
- For PTSD, open-label studies in civilians and veterans show large symptom drops and good short-term safety. Placebo-controlled trials are the next test.
- For OCD, both single-dose and repeated-dose trials now show rapid, clinically meaningful reductions. This is a genuine shift from “interesting anecdote” to “early clinical signal.”
- For anorexia, psilocybin appears tolerable in carefully selected adults, with highly variable benefit and important medical risks (including hypoglycemia and, in one later study, serious psychiatric events in follow-up). It is not a standalone treatment for a medically unstable eating disorder.
- For cluster headache, patient reports came first; controlled data are mixed but promising, especially with repeated low-dose pulses, and the effect may not depend on having a psychedelic experience.
A few themes cut across all of these conditions:
The drug is not the treatment. Preparation, a safe setting, and integration, making sense of what arose and turning it into different choices, relationships, and nervous-system habits, are part of every serious protocol. In the veteran PTSD pilot, people were already improving during preparation, before they swallowed anything.
Early trials look more dramatic than later ones. That is not unusual. It is what commonly happens when samples get larger, illnesses get more chronic, and controls get tighter.
Blinding is a real problem. Most people can tell whether they received a psychedelic. Expectancy inflates results. The best studies try to account for this; none fully solve it.
Safety is generally good in screened adults, and not automatic. The common acute effects are headache, nausea, anxiety, dizziness, and fatigue, usually on the dosing day. People with a personal or family history of psychosis or bipolar disorder are typically excluded for a reason. Suicidality in depression and anorexia trials is a reminder that seriously ill people remain seriously ill, especially if they do not respond.
Access is still tightly limited. In Canada, psilocybin remains a controlled substance, with case-by-case access only through Health Canada’s Special Access Program or clinical trials. In the United States, it is still Schedule I at the federal level. Australia allows authorised psychiatrists to prescribe it for treatment-resistant depression only. Legal adult-use programs in some U.S. states are not the same as medical approval, and they are not a substitute for clinical care.
The research is moving quickly and it is uneven. And for anyone living with a condition that has not yielded to existing treatments, it is worth understanding clearly, not as a promise, but as a body of evidence that is finally large enough to take seriously.
Related reading
- Valentina Chichiniova, MA, RCC, CCC — profile, training, and psychedelic-integration work
- What the research says about ketamine-assisted psychotherapy
- MDMA-assisted therapy: what has it been studied for?
Frequently asked questions
What has psilocybin been studied for besides depression?
End-of-life anxiety, alcohol use disorder, smoking cessation, cocaine use disorder, PTSD, OCD, anorexia nervosa, and cluster headache. The evidence is strongest for depression; other areas range from solid randomized trials to early pilots.
Is it approved in Canada?
No. Psilocybin is not an approved medicine in Canada or the United States. In Canada, access is case-by-case through Health Canada’s Special Access Program or clinical trials. Australia allows authorised psychiatrists to prescribe it for treatment-resistant depression only.
Does it work better than antidepressants?
Not clearly. A 2021 head-to-head trial versus escitalopram did not find psilocybin significantly better on the primary outcome. Later Phase 3 trials in treatment-resistant depression show real but more modest effects than the early small studies.
Is this the same as taking mushrooms?
No. Clinical research uses a precise pharmaceutical-grade dose in a 6–8 hour session with trained therapists, plus preparation and integration. That is not informal or recreational use.
Valentina Chichiniova, RCC is a Registered Clinical Counsellor at Emergence Counselling & Wellness in Vancouver, BC. She specializes in complex trauma, EMDR, Deep Brain Reorienting, and psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy. Valentina offers online therapy for clients across British Columbia.
Book a free consultation | Learn more about Valentina
References:
- Davis, A.K., et al. (2021). Effects of psilocybin-assisted therapy on major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(5), 481–489.
- Gukasyan, N., et al. (2022). Efficacy and safety of psilocybin-assisted treatment for major depressive disorder: Prospective 12-month follow-up. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 36(2), 151–158.
- Carhart-Harris, R., et al. (2021). Trial of psilocybin versus escitalopram for depression. New England Journal of Medicine, 384, 1402–1411.
- Goodwin, G.M., et al. (2022). Single-dose psilocybin for a treatment-resistant episode of major depression. New England Journal of Medicine, 387, 1637–1648.
- Compass Pathways. (2025–2026). Phase 3 COMP005 and COMP006 trial announcements for COMP360 in treatment-resistant depression.
- Griffiths, R.R., et al. (2016). Psilocybin produces substantial and sustained decreases in depression and anxiety in patients with life-threatening cancer. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1181–1197.
- Ross, S., et al. (2016). Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30(12), 1165–1180.
- Bogenschutz, M.P., et al. (2022). Percentage of heavy drinking days following psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy vs placebo in the treatment of adult patients with alcohol use disorder. JAMA Psychiatry, 79(10), 953–962.
- Johnson, M.W., Garcia-Romeu, A., & Griffiths, R.R. (2017). Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-facilitated smoking cessation. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 43(1), 55–60.
- Compass Pathways. (2025). Phase 2 open-label study of COMP360 psilocybin for post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Psychopharmacology.
- Safety, feasibility, and preliminary clinical outcomes of psilocybin-assisted therapy for veterans with severe, treatment-resistant PTSD. (2026). Communications Medicine.
- Moreno, F.A., et al. (2006). Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of psilocybin in 9 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67(11), 1735–1740.
- Psilocybin for treatment-resistant OCD: A randomized controlled trial. (2026). Preprint / clinical trial NCT03356483.
- Peck, S.K., et al. (2023). Psilocybin therapy for females with anorexia nervosa: A phase 1, open-label feasibility study. Nature Medicine, 29, 1947–1953.
- Psilocybin therapy for adult females with anorexia nervosa: Pilot study. (2026). British Journal of Psychiatry.
- Schindler, E.A.D., et al. (2022). Exploratory investigation of a patient-informed low-dose psilocybin pulse regimen in the suppression of cluster headache. Headache, 62(10).
- Schindler, E.A.D., et al. (2024). Psilocybin pulse regimen reduces cluster headache attack frequency in the blinded extension phase of a randomized controlled trial. Journal of the Neurological Sciences.
- Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia). (2023). Change to classification of psilocybin and MDMA to enable prescribing by authorised psychiatrists.
This is educational content based on published clinical research. It is not medical advice, a recommendation for any specific treatment, or a substitute for professional clinical consultation. Psilocybin remains a controlled substance in Canada and the United States and is not approved for therapeutic use in either country. Do not attempt to self-treat with psilocybin.